Nathaniel Hawthorn :: essays research papers

Nathaniel HawthorneNathaniel Hawthorne was born in Salem, Massachusetts. His father, also Nathaniel, was a sea captain and descendent of trick Hawthorne, one of the judge in the Salem witchcraft trials of 1692. He died when the young Nathaniel was four year old. Hawthorne grew up in seclusion with his widowed mother Elizabeth - and for the rest of her life they relied on each other for emotional solace. Later he wrote to his friend Henry Wadsworth Longfellow "I have locked myself in a dungeon and I cant find the diagnose to get out." Hawthorne was educated at the Bowdoin College in Maine (1821-24). In the school among his friends were Longfellow and Franklin Pierce, who became the 14th president of the U.S.Between the years 1825 and 1836 Hawthorne worked as a author and contributor to periodicals. Among Hawthornes friends was John L. OSullivan, whose magazine the Democratic Review published two dozen stories by him. According to a story, Hawthorne burn his first short-st ory collection, Seven Tales of My Native Land, after publishers rejected it. Hawthornes first novel, FANSHAWE, appeared anonymously at his own expense in 1828. The work was based on his college life. It did non receive much attention and the author burned the unsold copies. However, the book initiated a friendship between Hawthorne and the publisher Samuel Goodrich. He edited in 1836 the American Magazine of Useful and Entertaining Knowledge in Boston, and compiled in 1837 PETER PARLEYS UNIVERSAL HISTORY for children. In was followed by a series of books for children - GRANDFATHERS CHAIR (1841), FAMOUS OLD PEOPLE (1841), LIBERTY TREE (1841), and biographical STORIES FOR CHILDREN (1842). The second, expanded edition of TWICE TOLD TALES (1837), was praised by Edgar Allan Poe in Grahams Magazine. In 1842 Hawthorne became friends with the Transcendentalists in Concord, Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau, who also drew on the Puritan legacy. However, generally he did not have much confidence in intellectuals and artists, and eventually he had to admit, that "the treasure of intellectual gold" did not provide food for his family. In 1842 Hawthorne married Peabody, an expeditious participant in the Transcendentalist movement, and settled with her in Concord. A growing family and mounting debts compelled their return to Salem. Hawthorne was unable to earn a living as a writer and in 1846 he was appointed surveyor of the Port of Salem. He worked there for three years until he was fired.

Preliminary Design of a Robot :: Robotics

Preliminary DesignThough my prototype serves the same function as the issue version entrust, theproduction version will visually be a totally different robot. While testing my robot, I identifiednumerous problems the design of my prototype that could non easily have been fixed. To fixthese problems, completely new materials will be required as well. Since it is likely that myrobot would be used by modify people(most probably with poor motor control), it is necessarythat the robot is durable, and safe to use. The outer shell will be made out of aluminum, since itis a relatively send off and cheap metal. It is important that the robot weighs as little as possible, soit does not require large motors, which will increase the cost and overall size of it of the robot. Sincealuminum often has sharp edges, the robot will be covered in padding to reduce the risk of injuryfrom operation, and act as a shock absorber if the robot is struck by an object or dropped.The other, more obvious di fference will be that the real version of my robot willbe controlled by a circuit board, instead of an RCX control brick. This will allow the use ofmany different sensors and motors, and surprisingly will also be considerably cheaper. The otherimportant difference is that the real version of my robot will write using a robotic arm instead ofmoving as whole. However, the robot will still be able to move for convenience. Just like theRCX, it will have computer connectivity, except that it will have a wired connection for higherspeed and lower cost.Materials and Prototype DesignParts ListMany standard Lego parts3 Motors8, 16, 24, and 40-tooth gearsOne fleck Sensor1 RCX1 Black Crayola MarkerMy robot is divided into 3 basic parts (not including the RCX brick). Below the RCX,brick, I have the standard cycles/second structure with the standard gear configuration. There are eighttoothgears on both motors, connected to the wheels with forty-tooth gears for maximum torque.I have also used t he standard medium-sized, monotone tires in the front since they perform well.However, there are no rear wheels Instead, the back of my robot is supported by bare forty-toothgears, which has caused no problems. The reason why I have this odd wheel setup is because Ioriginally built legs for my robot, but switched to wheels after finding that the legs hadextremely little traction.The second, and most involved part of my robot is the marker-lowering mechanism.This mechanism is comprised of a motor, a very large set of gears, and a platform that slides on

Protection from Punishment Essay -- Government, Separation of Powers,

During the early stages of the creation of a government, it is common to witness a heavy consult over ways to both restrict the violence of the government from becoming a tyranny and protect the rights of individual citizens. Founders often realize that individual citizens, if non protected somehow, would be powerless to prevent against much(prenominal) a government if it became corrupt. Therefore, in the creation of the American and British governments, those worried about these possibilities suggested separations of power and individual rights to be included in the documents that form the government. This debate was extremely controversial in the formation of the American government, and created a rift that, if not resolved, could have torn apart the country. Understanding this possibility, the Federalists of America agreed to determine out the proposals of the Anti-Federalists during the ratification debates of 1789 through 1791. This Bill of Rights emphasized individual righ ts that would protect powerless citizens from possible tyranny of the federal government, both physical and abstract. One of the amendments proposed by James Madison, and subsequently ratified, was that Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted. This amendment was eventually grouped into the ten amendments of the Bill of Rights, and is now cognize simply as the Eighth Amendment. Though this seems to be a rather straightforward law, below the surface one can see the history of attempt it was derived from, the fight that ensued over its incorporation, and how even the terms it uses have greatly affected its interpretation since December 15, 1791.As America was created al most(prenominal) as a boor of the British Empire,... ... (Levy 238). This is very symbolic of the American nature of law in general, as the American ideal is to create a country of responsible citizens, not just to lock them away.The Eighth Amend ments history, through the tortures of scores of people to the debates over its inception, is filled with examples that define the history of American government. Though not the most discussed amendment during the revolutionary stage, the Eighth Amendment is quite possibly the most controversial article of the Bill of Rights in todays society, as the question of punishment, specifically the termination penalty, is constantly under debate. It is fascinating to study how, even at a time of such confusion and chaos, founders such as Madison and Henry were equal to(p) to create an amendment that would retain the rights of citizens in a constantly progressing society for centuries to come.

Personal, Social, and Cultural Contexts Established by the Frame Story

Personal, Social, and Cultural Contexts Established by the grade Story in MAUS The use of the frame story, an overarching narrative used to connect a serial publication of slackly related stories, pervades publications. An example of a frame story on a large scale - tying together a whole book-length work, not a simple short story - can be found in Art Spiegelmans graphic novel MAUS. Each of the narratives six sections is framed with snatches of the fundamental interaction amid Vladek and Art during the interview that supposedly occurred to create the book. This framing helps us learn about Vladeks character, which we would not know about from his rather flat, unemotional final solution narrative. In coming to understand this book, we must overly take into account the fact that no work of literature exists in a vacuum, and all literature is touched by the social and cultural backgrounds of its author and its reader. MAUS is no exception. In MAUS, the use of frame stories help s to establish personal, social, and cultural context for the main stories told within. In this exertion to ins gangly literary works some sort of context, it seems that there are tierce filters through which any work of literature can be viewed. The start of these is what I will call the personal context, that is, the information we amass about the previous experiences of the protagonist and other central figures of the work. Clearly, what has happened to a person, real or fictional, in the past will indelibly inform their present and future actions and emotions. The second filter is the social context the relationships that characters form among themselves. (In MAUS, I will also call down to this as the familial context, since the central relationship in the book is... ...e graphic novel. This helps to clarify the cultural context in which Vladek views himself. In conclusion, three distinguishable types of context are established by the frame story in the book. These are th e personal, social, and cultural contexts which I have described. Perhaps there are others, tho these three seem to be the most central to under stand the interaction of literature with its background culture. As there is reader-response criticism, perhaps we might propose a work of culture-response criticism, devoted to understanding the ideas portrayed in literature in light of the surroundings in which they were created. Captured in a photograph, without a frame, You see her standing tall but you see no face to blame. Tara MacLean, Let Her Feel The Rain Works CitedSpiegelman, Art. Maus. New York, Toronto Random House, Inc. 1973. Personal, Social, and Cultural Contexts Established by the Frame Story Personal, Social, and Cultural Contexts Established by the Frame Story in MAUS The use of the frame story, an overarching narrative used to connect a series of loosely related stories, pervades literature. An example of a frame story on a large scale - tying together a whole book-length work, not a simple short story - can be found in Art Spiegelmans graphic novel MAUS. Each of the narratives six sections is framed with snatches of the interaction between Vladek and Art during the interview that supposedly occurred to create the book. This framing helps us learn about Vladeks character, which we would not know about from his rather flat, unemotional Holocaust narrative. In coming to understand this book, we must also take into account the fact that no work of literature exists in a vacuum, and all literature is affected by the social and cultural contexts of its author and its reader. MAUS is no exception. In MAUS, the use of frame stories helps to establish personal, social, and cultural context for the main stories told within. In this effort to give literary works some sort of context, it seems that there are three filters through which any work of literature can be viewed. The first of these is what I will call the personal context, that is , the information we amass about the previous experiences of the protagonist and other central figures of the work. Clearly, what has happened to a person, real or fictional, in the past will indelibly inform their present and future actions and emotions. The second filter is the social context the relationships that characters form among themselves. (In MAUS, I will also refer to this as the familial context, since the central relationship in the book is... ...e graphic novel. This helps to clarify the cultural context in which Vladek views himself. In conclusion, three different types of context are established by the frame story in the book. These are the personal, social, and cultural contexts which I have described. Perhaps there are others, but these three seem to be the most central to understanding the interaction of literature with its background culture. As there is reader-response criticism, perhaps we might propose a school of culture-response criticism, devoted to unde rstanding the ideas portrayed in literature in light of the surroundings in which they were created. Captured in a photograph, without a frame, You see her standing tall but you see no face to blame. Tara MacLean, Let Her Feel The Rain Works CitedSpiegelman, Art. Maus. New York, Toronto Random House, Inc. 1973.

Privacy And The Internet Essay -- Web Cyberspace Internet papers

Privacy and the mesh The vivid progression of the Internet and emerging technologies is towards streamlining our lives two personally and professionally. Instantaneous communications and available on-line(a) services continue to reduce the physical distance amid soulfulnesss. Almost anything is now available in cyberspace from shopping, schooling and education, on-line trading, banking, to social and political on-line communities. On-line service providers are shifting from a product centric approach to a more personal and customized approach to marketing their products and services. The idea of one-to-one marketing is very powerful and has become an big tool for competing in the interactive age. matched marketing takes a customer-orientated approach to selling customers are treated as individuals with different interests and needs. We respond positively to individual attention when we visit a entanglement site we want to see products and services of interest to us non ever y available product. We do non want to waste our condemnation. For many people, time is money and the convenience factor ways heavily on the decision to return to a web site. argon the benefits of electronic communication at the depreciate of our secrecy? How does the Internet affect the availability and use of our personal information? The Internet brings another dimension to the field of study of privacy. Whether you are voting on-line or buying a book from Amazon.com you must consider how much personal information has been collected about you, with or without your consent, and how it can be used. Policies governing privacy on the Internet are still not clearly defined and many on-line users do not understand how the information they provide volition be used. How much... ...activity are all available at the press of a button. Soon we will have on-line refrigerators that can place grocery orders, backwash machines that can access the Internet to determine the best wash cycle for a delicate fabric and Internet connectivity available from every room in the house. If we reap the benefits of communications technology, we must expect to pay the price with our privacy. Works Cited Bridis, Ted. Comcast Tracks Users Web Browsing. Los Angeles Times 12 Feb 2002. httpwww.latimes.com/password/nationworld/politics/wire/sns-ap-internet-privacy/0212feb12.story (25 Feb 2002).Grossman, Lawrence K. The Shape of the electronic Republic. Composing Cyberspace. Richard Holeton. United States McGraw-Hill, 1998, 311-327.Birkets, Sven. Into the Electronic Millennium. Composing Cyberspace. Richard Holeton. United States McGraw-Hill, 1998, 311-327. Privacy And The Internet Essay -- Web Cyberspace Internet papersPrivacy and the Internet The natural progression of the Internet and emerging technologies is towards streamlining our lives both personally and professionally. Instantaneous communications and available on-line services continue to reduce the physical di stance between individuals. Almost anything is now available in cyberspace from shopping, schooling and education, on-line trading, banking, to social and political on-line communities. On-line service providers are shifting from a product centric approach to a more personal and customized approach to marketing their products and services. The idea of one-to-one marketing is very powerful and has become an important tool for competing in the interactive age. One-to-one marketing takes a customer-orientated approach to selling customers are treated as individuals with different interests and needs. We respond positively to individual attention when we visit a web site we want to see products and services of interest to us not every available product. We do not want to waste our time. For many people, time is money and the convenience factor ways heavily on the decision to return to a web site. Are the benefits of electronic communication at the expense of our privacy? How does the In ternet affect the availability and use of our personal information? The Internet brings another dimension to the issue of privacy. Whether you are voting on-line or buying a book from Amazon.com you must consider how much personal information has been collected about you, with or without your consent, and how it can be used. Policies governing privacy on the Internet are still not clearly defined and many on-line users do not understand how the information they provide will be used. How much... ...activity are all available at the press of a button. Soon we will have on-line refrigerators that can place grocery orders, washing machines that can access the Internet to determine the best wash cycle for a delicate fabric and Internet connectivity available from every room in the house. If we reap the benefits of communications technology, we must expect to pay the price with our privacy. Works Cited Bridis, Ted. Comcast Tracks Users Web Browsing. Los Angeles Times 12 Feb 2002. httpwww .latimes.com/news/nationworld/politics/wire/sns-ap-internet-privacy/0212feb12.story (25 Feb 2002).Grossman, Lawrence K. The Shape of the Electronic Republic. Composing Cyberspace. Richard Holeton. United States McGraw-Hill, 1998, 311-327.Birkets, Sven. Into the Electronic Millennium. Composing Cyberspace. Richard Holeton. United States McGraw-Hill, 1998, 311-327.

Privacy And The Internet Essay -- Web Cyberspace Internet papers

hiding and the earnings The natural progression of the profit and emerging technologies is towards streamlining our lives both own(prenominal)ly and professionally. fast communication theory and available online function continue to reduce the physical distance between individuals. Almost anything is now available in cyberspace from shopping, knowledge and education, on-line trading, banking, to social and political on-line communities. On-line service providers be shifting from a product centric approach to a more person-to-person and customized approach to marketing their products and services. The idea of matched marketing is very powerful and has become an important tool for competing in the interactive age. One-to-one marketing takes a customer-orientated approach to selling customers are treat as individuals with different interests and needs. We respond positively to individual attention when we visit a web site we essential to see products and services of interes t to us not every available product. We do not want to waste our time. For many people, time is money and the public convenience factor ways heavily on the decision to return to a web site. Are the benefits of electronic communication at the expense of our privacy? How does the Internet affect the availability and use of our personal information? The Internet brings another dimension to the issue of privacy. Whether you are voting on-line or buying a book from Amazon.com you must consider how often personal information has been collected about you, with or without your consent, and how it can be used. Policies governing privacy on the Internet are still not clear defined and many on-line users do not understand how the information they provide will be used. How much... ...activity are all available at the shift of a button. Soon we will have on-line refrigerators that can place grocery orders, moistening machines that can glide path the Internet to determine the best wash cyc le for a delicate fabric and Internet connectivity available from every room in the house. If we reap the benefits of communications technology, we must expect to pay the price with our privacy. Works Cited Bridis, Ted. Comcast Tracks Users Web Browsing. Los Angeles Times 12 Feb 2002. httpwww.latimes.com/news/nationworld/politics/wire/sns-ap-internet-privacy/0212feb12.story (25 Feb 2002).Grossman, Lawrence K. The Shape of the Electronic Republic. Composing Cyberspace. Richard Holeton. join States McGraw-Hill, 1998, 311-327.Birkets, Sven. Into the Electronic Millennium. Composing Cyberspace. Richard Holeton. United States McGraw-Hill, 1998, 311-327. Privacy And The Internet Essay -- Web Cyberspace Internet papersPrivacy and the Internet The natural progression of the Internet and emerging technologies is towards streamlining our lives both personally and professionally. Instantaneous communications and available on-line services continue to reduce the physical dist ance between individuals. Almost anything is now available in cyberspace from shopping, schooling and education, on-line trading, banking, to social and political on-line communities. On-line service providers are shifting from a product centric approach to a more personal and customized approach to marketing their products and services. The idea of one-to-one marketing is very powerful and has become an important tool for competing in the interactive age. One-to-one marketing takes a customer-orientated approach to selling customers are treated as individuals with different interests and needs. We respond positively to individual attention when we visit a web site we want to see products and services of interest to us not every available product. We do not want to waste our time. For many people, time is money and the convenience factor ways heavily on the decision to return to a web site. Are the benefits of electronic communication at the expense of our privacy? How does the Inte rnet affect the availability and use of our personal information? The Internet brings another dimension to the issue of privacy. Whether you are voting on-line or buying a book from Amazon.com you must consider how much personal information has been collected about you, with or without your consent, and how it can be used. Policies governing privacy on the Internet are still not clearly defined and many on-line users do not understand how the information they provide will be used. How much... ...activity are all available at the press of a button. Soon we will have on-line refrigerators that can place grocery orders, washing machines that can access the Internet to determine the best wash cycle for a delicate fabric and Internet connectivity available from every room in the house. If we reap the benefits of communications technology, we must expect to pay the price with our privacy. Works Cited Bridis, Ted. Comcast Tracks Users Web Browsing. Los Angeles Times 12 Feb 2002. httpwww.l atimes.com/news/nationworld/politics/wire/sns-ap-internet-privacy/0212feb12.story (25 Feb 2002).Grossman, Lawrence K. The Shape of the Electronic Republic. Composing Cyberspace. Richard Holeton. United States McGraw-Hill, 1998, 311-327.Birkets, Sven. Into the Electronic Millennium. Composing Cyberspace. Richard Holeton. United States McGraw-Hill, 1998, 311-327.

Apple Supplier Foxconn Employs 14-Year-Olds

The eclectic paradigm is a hypothesis in economics and is also known as the OLI-Model or OLI-Framework. 12 It is a further development of the theory of internalization and published by John H. Dunning in 1980. 3 The theory of internalization itself is based on the transaction cost theory. 3 This theory says that transactions argon made within an institution if the transaction costs on the free marketplace are higher than the internal costs. This process is called internalization. 3 For Dunning, not only the structure of organization is present momentant. 3 He added 3 more factors to the theory3 Ownership advantages1 (trademark, production technique, entrepreneurial skills, returns to scale)2 Ownership specific advantages refer to the competitive advantages of the enterprises pursuance to engage in Foreign direct investment (FDI). The greater the competitive advantages of the investing firms, the more they are likely to engage in their foreign production. 4 positioning advantages 5(existence of raw materials, low wages, special taxes or tariffs)2 Locational attractions refer to the alternative countries or regions, for undertaking the value adding activities of MNEs.The more the immobile, natural or created resources, which firms need to use collectively with their own competitive advantages, favor a presence in a foreign location, the more firms will choose to augment or exploit their O specific advantages by engaging in FDI. 4 Internalization advantages (advantages by own production rather than producing through a partnership arrangement such as licensing or a joint venture)2 Firms may organize the creation and exploitation of their core competencies.The greater the net benefits of internalizing cross-b nightspot intermediate product markets, the more likely a firm will prefer to engage in foreign production itself rather than license the right to do so. 4 Source Dunning (1981)6Categories of advantages Ownership advantagesInternalization advantagesLocati on advantages Form of market entry Licensing1 YesNoNo Export YesYesNo FDI YesYesYes editTheory The idea behind the Eclectic Paradigm is to merge several isolated theories of international economics in one approach. 1 Three raw material melodic lines of international activities of companies can be distinguished Export, FDI and Licensing. 1 The so-called OLI-factors are three categories of advantages, namely the ownership advantages, locational advantages and internalization advantages. 1 A precondition for international activities of a ships caller-up are the availability of net ownership advantages. These advantages can both be material and immaterial. The term net ownership advantages is used to express the advantages that a company has in foreign and unknown markets. 1 harmonize to Dunning two different types of FDI can be distinguished. While resource pursuance investments are made in order to establish access to basic material like raw materials or other input factors, mark et seeking investments are made to enter an animate market or establish a new market. 1 A closer distinction is made by Dunning with the terms efficiency seeking investments, strategic seeking investments and support investments. 1 Trade and FDI patterns for industries and countries. 7Location advantages StrongWeak Ownership advantagesStrongExportsOutward FDI WeakInward FDIImportsThe eclectic paradigm also contrasts a areas resource endowment and geographical position (providing locational advantages) with firms resources (ownership advantages). 7 In the model, countries can be shown to spirit one of the four outcomes shown in the figure above. 7 In the top, right hand box in the figure above firms possess competitive advantages, but the home(a) domicile has higher factor and transport costs than foreign locations. 7 The firms therefore make a FDI abroad in order to capture the rents from their advantages. 7 But if the country has locational advantages, strong local firms are mo re likely to emphasize exporting. 7 The possibilities when the nation has only weak firms, as in most developing countries, leads to the opposite outcomes. 7 These conditions are similar to those suggested by Porters diamond model of national competitiveness. 7 editApplication in practice In dependence of the categories of advantage there can be chosen the form of the international activity. If a company has ownership advantages like having knowledge about the target market abroad, for example staff with language skills, information about import permissions, appropriate products, contacts and so on, it can do a licensing.The licensing is less cost-intensive than the other forms of internalization. If there are internalization advantages, the company can invest more heavy(p) abroad. This can be achieved by export in form of an export subsidiary. The FDI is the most capital intensive activity that a company can choose. According to Dunning, it is considered that locational advantages are necessary for FDI. This can be realized by factories which are either bought or completely constructed abroad. FDI is the most capital intensive form of internalization activity.

Celiac Disease Paper

celiac Disease Unit 4 Assign 2- Disorders Affecting the Immune System April 9, 2013 celiac sickness is an autoimmune disorder. It affects the refined intestine in the persons body. It canister affect people who have been linked genetically or pre-disposed from infancy to adulthood (www. mayoclinic. com). This infirmity can be asymptomatic. Which means that the person can be a carrier of this disease and pass it on to their children. The carrier would not have any symptoms of this disease or even know they ar a carrier.coeliac disease can affect 1 in 105 people in the United States (www. webmd. com). Celiac disease is caused by a reaction to gliadin, or a gluten protein. The gluten protein is found in wheat, barley, rye, and oats. When the person affected with this disease is exposed or ingests the gluten protein, their immune remains has an inflammatory reaction in the small bowel. The inflammatory reaction can be an acute or chronic response within the bowel tissue. The sac k in the small bowel blocks the persons ability to absorb vital nutrients from their food (www. ebmd. com). Signs and symptoms of Celiac disease can range from mild to severe. looseness is the most common symptom of this disease. Abdominal pain, bloating, cramping, and distention of the abdominal wall from gas are also other signs/symptoms of Celiac disease. The blocking or malabsorptio of nutrients such(prenominal) as Calcium and Vitamin D can lead to weight loss, fatigue, and anemia. The person can then get mouth ulcerations as well, and become lactose intolerant.As the disease continues to progress it can cause more damage and it puts the person at risk for small intestine cancer (adenocarcinoma) or Lymphoma. If left untreated Celiac disease can also lead to more complications within the affected person. Some of the complications they would experience are, ulcerations and strictures in the bowel (www. webmd. com). The only affective treatment for Celiac disease is a lifelong goa l of diet change. Once diagnosis has been confirmed gluten must be completely removed from the persons diet.Certain diets that are gluten free will need to be followed to prevent inflammation. Depending on the extent of the damage done, or the stage of progression there may need to be more strict changes to follow. There are websites and support groups to help people become educated with the steps necessary to prevent further flare ups from this condition. The offset step to becoming aware of this disease is to be seen by your physician if you are having any of the above signs and symptoms (www. csaceliacs. com). www. mayoclinic. com,2013. www. webmd. com,2013.

Sophie’s World Guide

THEORY OF KNOWLEDGEFALL 2012 SOPHIES WORLD READING GUIDE DR. HALL The novel Sophies World (1991) by Norwegian author Jostein Gaarder offers a tour of the history of Western doctrine as easily as a post-modern detective story. We chose this teaching for IB Seniors because it ties in so well with our fundamental TOK questions and issues. Because of the intellectual journey the novel charts, it makes a companion to Siddhartha which adds, however, an eastern counterpoint to the western orientation of Gaarders novel.For depth psychology and discussion purposes, I have divided the novel into the following five subdivisions. Please type out or write neatly your responses to this guide on separate pages. Cite page numbers for all passages you paraphrase or quote in ( ). You atomic number 18 welcome to add your own comments/critiques. Approximately wizard section will be due per week during the first 5 6 weeks of the first quarter. We will discuss your responses during the assigned week s of class as well as take reading quizzes on each section. We may also write practice TOK essays found on ideas and issues presented in Sophies World.Note that this book is a translation. It will enhance your understanding if you look up Gaarder on the web. Print and critique an hold you find provocative this will be part of your article file. I)The Garden of Eden Aristotlepages 1 120 This opening section introduces Sophie and her world of home and school. It sets up the relationship between Sophie and her philosophy teacher, who communicates with her primarily through letters. It reviews near of the material we studied in the spring (Socrates) and some you have studied earlier at Central (Greek mythology). Make a list of the characters as you are introduced to them. Like Sophie, you will begin trying to identify Hilde and her father. 2 For each section make a list of the major schools of philosophy mentioned, notinga characteristic philosopher and describing his main ideas.( Do this on the basis of Gaarders information although you may want to find out more about ones that intrigue you. ) Cite page s in text and/or sources if you look up information. 3Find several examples of how the PLOT of the novel reflects the various ideas about which Sophie is learning. Find several examples of Gaarders use of the Socratic method. 5Compare Platos ideal society with the ideal commonwealth described by Gonzalo in Act II of The Tempest. II)Hellenism The Baroquepages 121 232 In this section you will discover the individuation of Sophies teacher. You will also move forward in time from the Greek philosophical tradition to its successors in European history up to the l600s. 1Describe the discussions of religious mysticism and consider how they might tie in with a work like Antigone or Chronicle of a Death Foretold. 2Find the image of history as a clock then try to draw the clock. This may remind you of the learning style represented by the color wheel in Girl With a Pearl Earring. ) 3Make a note when you run across vocabulary that we have defined in TOK. 4 Continue your list of key philosophers and their ideas (or at least the characteristics of key philosophical periods). 5In light of Siddhartha and other haveledge, urinate examples of or observations on Western orientation in Gaarders depiction of the development of ideas. III)Descartes Kantpages 233 341 In this section you will begin to resolve the mysteries of Hildes and her fathers identities.There will by crossovers between the original plot with Sophie and the story of Hilde. 1Why does Gaarder chose to structure his narrative this carriage? How may this structure demonstrate the philosophical ideas being presented? 2Pay particular attention to the division of mind/body in Descartes and to the similarities/differences between Berkeley and Bjerkely. 3 Recall our discussions of the sagacity in the work and writing style of Benjamin Franklin. Locate some passages that help illuminate ( haha) Franklins text. 4FOR NEW JERUSALEM SEE SECTION ON SPINOZA, 247-256.Reflect on Albertos lecture in light of the play. 5Explain Lockes relationship to empiricism. Check meanings of the term. 6 Compare/contrast this discussion of Kant with discussion of Kant and duty moral philosophy in our TOK textbook. IV)Romanticism Freudpages 342 446 This section features Marx, Darwin, and Freud, sometimes called The Triple Thinkers for their impact on late 19th early 20th century history, politics, economics, science, the arts, and human behavior. Notice that philosophy has diversified into what we would call separate disciplinary fields. Do you think the Freud chapter is aptly placed and persuasive? Why or why not, based on what you know of Freud from Psychology class and on the other kinds of thinkers included in this book? 2Compare the depiction of Freud in Gaarder with that in tolerate New World. 3Discuss the satire of Darwinism in Brave New World with the explanation of evolution i n Sophies World. Note the similar titles. 4Do you affiliate that philosophy is the mirror of the world spirit? (371). Can you give some illustrations of this claim from your other readings or experiences? V)Our Own Time The Big Bangpages 447 513 Please look up a definition of existentialism. Do you agree To exist is to create your own life (458)? Who is Sartre? Who is Camus? You read this Algerian-born writers novel The Stranger in junior IB English. 2Compare definition of paradigm shift on 464 with Thomas Kuhns. 3What book does Alberto buy Sophie? Explain. 4What happens at the garden party? Apply big bang theory to the plot(s) of the novel. 5Compare/contrast Gaarders and Kuhns (and Franklins) attitude toward science, based on the chaotic penultimate scene of each novel. 6Why might the book conclude in a rowboat on a lake? Explain the policy-making relevance of Hildes fathers deep involvement in Lebanon and in United Nations policies. What are the similarities and differences be tween Lebanon and the struggle Khaled Hosseini describes in A universal gravitational constant Splendid Suns (and The Kite Runner)? What is the relevance of both of these contexts for IB? What is happening in the spring/summer of 2011 in the Middle East that could be understood through the lens of Gaarders novel? 8Go back and read the epigraph by Goethe is this what the novel is designed to illustrate? How does it do so? Who is Goethe? What is the relevance of the epigraph for TOK?

Kite Runner Quotes Essay

There is a way to be good over again. This quote is one of the remarkable quotes of this book. It is used in the beginning of the novel to make it more interesting. The choice of usinfulnessg this quote was real smart, since it explains a bunch of the plots just in one sentence. This was said by Rahim Khan who is very close to Amir. He is a person Amir respects very overmuch and he is the one who tells Amir about his dad and Hassan being his step brother. This quote brings out the feeling of guilt Amir was feeling for so grand time.But Rahim Khan insisted that Amir goes back to Kabul and get Hassans son out of the orphanage and bring him back to America to atone for his sin he had done when he was twelve. It also explains that no matter what you have done in the past doesnt matter as long as you do good things in your future. For you a thousand generation over This is another remarkable quote from this essay and is also very important. This was said by Hassan to Amir. The setti ng was in Kabul in a sunny day of winter.They were flying kites and in Kabul fighting with kites were very popular and after they had won the fight Hassan insisted he would go get the losers kite for Amir. When Amir said make sure you bring it and Hassan answered that for you a thousand times over. This shows the bond of friendship, one of the main themes in this novel. It also shows how much Hassan cares about Amir that he is willing to do anything for him. But in reality he is Amirs brother. The curious thing was, I never thought of Hassan and me as friends either This quote was said by Amir but it is very stereotypical.As well as shows how selfish Amir is. Being Amirs brother Hassan was still the retainer of the house and did everything Amir asked him to do. He went with a lot of hardships for Amirs sake as well as takes a lot of insults. But in the end Amir betrayed Hassan and assay to frame him of being a thief and making him leave their house. Also the reason Amir felt this way was because he was embarrassed to think that their servant could be his friend. This is also why Amirs life changes forever and the feeling of guilt which is one of the other main themes of this novel starts.

Methodology (Research Design or Methodology of the Study) Essay

This chapter contains the discussion of the look for design, the locale of the study, the respondents of the study, research instruments and validation of instruments, research procedure and statistical treatment of the data used in the study.Research DesignThe descriptive method of research will be use in this study withthe distrustnaire as the main tool in gathering the needed data. Also use to obtain education concerning the current perspective of the phenomena to describe what exists with mention to variables or conditions in a situation. On the other hand, the descriptive research design is scientific methods which involve observing and describing the behavior of subject without influencing it in all way.A grade point average is descriptive statistic that summarizes progress during students academic tenure. It is conducted for a number of reasons. The methods involved range from the survey which describes the status quo and deals with everything that can be counted and stu died to justify the validity of the research study that is beneficial to the company, schools and future researcher.The method revealed the personal background of the company and the status of the dust, as well as certain perceptions of the fibre of dust, how the display system works, as well as certain files and the common problem encountered in using their present system. Descriptive studies are d superstar as the first step in a research investigation in order to find more information on a given topic to generate hypothesis.Statistically, the researchers made use of the z-test to determine whether the types of surface up they will look at, has a great effect on their useable period. Z-test assesses if the hypothesis being stated will be rejected or not. Among to 33 sharp sized licensed drugstore in the town of San Pedro Laguna.Sources of dataThe researchers utilized the empirical or direct data to attain the objectives of the study, which are gathered from three parts o f questionnaires The first part of the questionnaires contains four questions regarding on what catalogue system the entity have, common problem that they face and how they refill their stock. The second part contains six questions with regards to if they encounter any problems regarding on preparation of inventory, if they experience hard to do it, if they experience delay on receiving new batches of drugs that they ordered, what types of payment they preferred and are they willing to adopt new system/strategy to be use in preparing inventory system.The third part contains nine statements with regards to evaluation on inventory system. The respondents will be asked to rate several items. Each item will be decided based on the following legend (5) Strongly Agree, (4) Agree, (3) Neutral, (2) Disagree and (1) for Strongly Disagree Respondents of the StudyThe respondents of this research includes licensed slight sized pharmacies in the town of San Pedro Laguna. Determination of sampl e sizeThe population size is 36, the researcher get the sample size in order to find out how some(prenominal) respondents they will going to ask. Here is the formula n = N/1+Ne2WhereN = Population sizen = Sample sizee = Margin of errorMargin of error is 5% this percentage is an allowance for non-precision since a sample is used instead of a population. This formula is one of the easiest to follow and most convenient to use in determining the sample size.Computationn = 36/1+36(.05)2n =36/1+36(.0025)n=36/1.09n=33Table 3.1Registered List of Pharmacies in San Pedro, LagunaSmall Sized Pharmacy in San Pedro Laguna Population of small sized Pharmacy Percentage% Calendola 2 6%Camella Homes Woodhills Subdivison 2 6%Chrysanthemum 1 2.78%Langgam 3 8%Landayan 3 8%Narra 3 8%Nueva 6 16%Pacita 4 11%Poblacion 2 6%Purok 3 1 2.78%Sampaguita 1 2.78%San Antonio 5 14%Sitio Bukid Riverside 1 2.78%Sto. Nino 1 2.78%United Bayanihan 1 2.78%Total 36 100%Research InstrumentsSince this research is design to f ind out if there is an effect of manual inventory system in small sized pharmacy in dealing with in its operation. The researcher used the questionnaire survey method. A questionnaire is/are search instrument consisting of a series of question and other prompts for the purpose of gathering from respondents. The steps required to design and administer a questionnaire include1. Defining the objective of survey2. Determining the sampling group3. Writing the questionnaire4. Administering the questionnaire5. interpreting of the ResultsValidation of InstrumentsIt is necessary to validate questionnaires. It is underwent validation by floating them to group of persons. The research questionnaire underwent validation with the help of our Research Adviser.Research ProcedureThe researcher have ask permission from the owner of the entity before gathering data and information needed in the research regarding the operation of the business and the problems encountered in their current system thro ugh a proposal letter and permission to conduct interviews.Statistical Treatment of DataThe researchers will use frequency, weighted mean and percentage in analysis and interpretation of data gathering. After which, to check hypothesis the researchers will use Hypothesis Testing (Z-test) formula is show below Percentage(%) this is use for the manifestation demographic profile of the respondents. To get percentage, this equation is used as%=f/nx100Where% = Percentagef = frequencyn = size of the sample100 incessantAnd after getting the frequency were going to get are mean. Of those who answered that they experience having difficulty in making their inventory on the type of inventory system that they have. We are seeking to answer if the types of inventory system that they have make them to experienced difficulty in performing it and also if they encountered problems with regards to the type of system that they have by getting the average mean of those who answered yes they encounte red problems and they having difficulty. 1. lick for PLet x = number of respondents said that they experience difficulty and problems n = total number of population p =proportion of respondents said that they experience difficulty and problems After obtaining the proportion of respondents who said they experience difficulty and problems by having this type of system, the next thing to do is to compute for the standard error.2. Compute SPLet Sp =Standard error(For p and n consider the above description)Sp = p1-p/n3. Compute oLet = parameter look uponZ = 1.645-tabular value for Z, level of significance at 95% confidence level. = p-(Z)(Sp)4. Testing the significance of parameter value5. Ho o oHa o o6. Z 1..645 = Accept HoZ 1.645 Accept Ha7. Compute ZZ = x-no/no(1-o)

Do Video Game Kill

Do Video Games Kill? Since the released of a video game called Doom in 1993, certainly one of the well-nigh popular first-games shooters games. It is like a double-edged sword, because it does non help video gaming grow into a multibillion dollar industry, but is would teach kids how to kill. In Do Video Games Kill? sociology professor K ben Sternheimer talked about that the video game explanation for kids violence has become more pervasive. In this article, the author talked about politicians and 199 newspaper articles work out that the video games teach modern people how to kill and are the culprit.They blame video games. However, the author dose not think the video games are disconfirming products. Because she thinks that guns, poverty, families, and the organization of schools may also influence youth violence. When we want to understand why young people, particular in middle-class or former(a)wise stalls environments, become homicidal, we need to look at what the games t hey play. While all forms of media merit critical analysis, so do the supposedly good neighborhoods and families that occasionally produce young killers(244).Politicians and other moral crusaders created a name for video game, called contemporary folk devils, because they seem to pose a threat to children. Newspaper articles proposed that the video games are constructing culpability, and they are the culprit. But in authors mind, she does not think the video games are not only way to teach young children how to kill. This is the biggest problem with media- set up look into that Poverty, neighborhood instability, unemployment, and even family violence fall by the wayside in most of these studies.Ironically, even mental illness tends to be overlooked in this psychologically oriented research (16). For instance, African-American young people are involved more than twice as often as white in the insipid justice system. So the author thinks poor males of color be killers easier than ot hers. For example, umteen people now can not find job, so they just smell sad and lost their mind. They think it is unfair, so decided to kill others. So the video games are not only ways to teach killed. On the other hand, the author thinks play video games can improves spatial skills and reaction time.When we play the video game, we need to improve our attention, and to decided some decision immediately, so playing the video games actually can improve our intelligence. She found evidence about the video games do not increase aggression. She uses some reports quotation to contract and so points out video games does not increase aggression. For example, The Boston Herald quoted a clinical psychologist who said, Studies have already shown that watching television shows with aggressive or baseless content makes children more aggressive(15). So the media effects are clear, consistent and conclusive.But the author thinks that news reports do not use academic sources to do the med ia effects research. In conclusion, the video games are not only ways to teach youth how to kill. They killed maybe because of poverty or families, because of unemployment or neighborhood. There are many other facilities to lead youth people kill. And the video games also have some positive sides, like it can improve the spatial skills. So it is not just like politicians and news articles thinking, the video games are not folk devils and are not culprit. 1

He investigated the case with great care… Essay

This sentence introduces Dr Roylott as a unlawful, thereof he is comfortably a suspect as his perverting history reflects his noisome casing. It similarly shows in the story that she did non countenance a happy life living with her stepfather as he was not a very pleasant man. As a detective he deduces who killed Julia, he works it fall out by studying all the facts he has got, he asks many questions to unc everyplace more traces and to crack the mystery story, I believe Mr Holmes you already made up your instinct.This suggests that secret agent Holmes after gathering the information has obdurate who is tom blame and knows what to expect, this creates mystery and tension because this again has meshed the referee as if Sherlock has take to a conclusion using the clues and information then they could also solve it, this makes them read on because if they have an answer in take heed, they want to read on to find the truth. Helen explains the mysterious death, in such sense this creates tension because the poleorser wants to know how all the clues can be linked up to solve the mystery.Sherlock asks questions about the bell rope and the saucer of milk, this creates tensions as it hints to the reader that these clues are just abouthow have a connection to the mystery as he is interested in these objects for a reason. Doyle builds tensions through Dr Roylott as he is portrayed as the scoundrel from the beginning, as Helen is describing him, a series of disgraceful brawls took place until at pass away he became the terror of the village this sentence creates more tensions as he is represented as the bad character, however the gypsies are also mentioned in the story, there is also a light chance they may be to blame as they are stereotyped as people who are ill affected and have no respect and also there are many clues linked to the gypsies being the villain, sometimes I have thought that it was merely the wild talk of delirium, sometimes that it may have referred to some pack of people. I do not know whether the spotted handkerchiefs which so many of them wear over their heads might have suggested the strange adjectives which she used.This iterate adds mystery as the gypsies also fit the character of the villain, ill mannered, violent and also fit in the clues. Dr Roylott is portrayed also as an unattractive man, a large caseful seared with a thousand wrinkles and marked with every evil hotness was rancid from one the other of us while his deepset blue eyes and his high thin fleshless nose gave him slightly the resemblance to a fierce old bird of feast, this sentence refer to him as ugly, this reflects his doings as he has not got the best record and also is being described to an animal, a prey is associated with fierce and a negative creature.Dr Roylott is shown as such a ferocious person with such bad characteristics, it would be almost as if his character and appearances fitted the crime, however even if Dr Roylott is the villain, the reader is more engaged to the story as they still have questions unanswered, what is the speckled band? If Dr Roylott killed Julia, what is the reason? , and the most important and infamous question in the story, how was she killed?The resemblance to a fierce old prey is used this makes Dr Roylott look similar an evil person as preys are associated and linked with negative feelings and imagery, it also says, A thousand wrinkles and marked with every evil passion, burned yellow with the sun, this description makes him appear old but still fierce at the same time. It says in the sentence that his face is marked with every evil passion this may be a hint from Doyle as only as an evil person would slaver out such an evil act.The description affects the reader as he is portrayed as a stereotypical villain end-to-end the story. This creates tension and mystery as he is revealed as such a violent and aggressive man, there is a fear towards him as he has an uncontrollable temper which is shown throughout the story, and this causes the reader to be uncomfortable as he is still on the loose and therefore could easily harm Helen.Doyle uses language to create mystery and tension through the story by Sherlock intercommunicate questions, which make the reader think how the questions are relevant to the mystery. Was your sister dressed? this creates tension as the readers mind will immediately start wondering how this question will makes Holmes any closer to solving the mystery. Doyle also creates tension in this quote, and what conclusion did the coroner come to? He investigated the case with salient care this creates mystery as even the coroner found the death as a mystery, this makes the reader have intrust in Holmes to find out and succeed, also this quote continues by saying all entrances to Julias populate was locked or shut therefore her death must have been caused by something or someone in her room, but the mystery still remain s, what got in to her room and how it entered the room? In the story gypsies play a break apart, were there gypsies in the plantation at this time? This quote shows that there is a small opening night the gypsies could be to blame, as they have an infamous character and attitude throughout the Victorian times and the story. excessively the title the adventure of the speckled band and how could this relate to the mystery. Holmes figured out that Dr Roylott is also violent towards Helen, cinque little livid spots the marks of four experiences and a thumb were printed upon the white wrist this shows Helen is assay not to reveal Dr Roylott as a bad person, this may show that maybe in her mind Julia may know inside her that her step father is to blame however does not want to face the facts that he fits the perfect villain.Also the people Dr Roylott gets along with are the gypsies, this may show the reader his personality as he gets along with low class, bad mannered people, this ma y reflect his character. he had no friends at all save the wandering gypsies, quote shows that he is unpleasant to anyone either, he gets along with gypsies , gypsies re associated with ill mannered and rude behaviour and have got a bad label in bon ton in the Victorian time and in the modern day society.Doyle adds repetition on the clues as it adds idiom also he may use repetition to give the reader that the clue he is repetition has an importance to the story. He repeats to Helen the importance of how he needs to know the full details. Helens speech includes a variety of descriptive writing. there burst forth the wild scream of a terrified women, this quote adds tension as Julia screamed before her death therefore something must have caused her to scream.I seemed to hear a low whistle, this quote adds tension as the reader has no clue what this whistle could be but is definitely linked to the mystery, an also the metal clanging sound causes tension as the reader cannot suspect h ow the noises intervene with the death. Her face blanched with terror, her hands groping for help, in this sentence it uses a sense of imagery as you can imagine what state Julia is in, and the tension gets built as the reader is eager to find out how did she end up in such a dreadful state.She stabbed her finger into the air in the direction of the doctors room, this sentence is a big clue that her death is obviously related to Dr Roylotts room or she would never have pointed towards his room. When Dr Roylott is inspecting the room, this has a great importance to the story as this part of the story slowly unveils the important clues to solve the mystery. When Holmes is inspecting the room he finds out about the ventilator and wonders if this links with Julias death. He works out that Dr Roylott has a chetah living in his room as there is a saucer of milk and a leash.The part of the story where the reader fears fro Helen is when she returns home after visiting Sherlock Holmes, the r eader is informed about Dr Roylotts anger and are worried what Dr Roylott may do to Helen when she returns home. Towards the end of the story the mystery is solved, Dr Roylott had been training the deadliest ophidian in India to climb through the ventilator and to return when hearing a whistling noise. The speckled band relates to the snake as the snake had a particular yellow band with brownish speckles.At the end of the story the reader feels relieved that Dr Roylott has been caught and also that he is dead, so he cannot cause any more trouble to anyone the villagers or any more distress to Helen. This is a typical ending as the villain is caught and is dead, therefore cannot continue to cause any more misery.He investigated the case with great careThahmeena Miah English strike down Limb Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written make-up of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Arthur Conan Doyle section.